工匠祖师 · 约前507—前444Master of Craftsmanship · c. 507–444 BC
木工工具的创造者，被后世尊为工匠始祖。Creator of woodworking tools, honored by later generations as the founding master of craftsmen.
科学家、思想家 · 约前468—前376Scientist and Thinker · c. 468–376 BC
《墨经》记载力学、光学等科学知识，先秦科学思想代表。The Mohist Canon records scientific knowledge in mechanics, optics and more, representing pre-Qin scientific thought.
医家 · 约前407—前310Physician · c. 407–310 BC
创立望闻问切四诊法，被尊为医祖。Established the four diagnostic methods of inspection, listening, inquiry and palpation; revered as the founder of Chinese medicine.
医家 · 约145—208Physician · c. 145–208
创制麻沸散、编五禽戏，外科手术先驱。Created the anesthetic Mafeisan and devised the Five Animal Frolics; a pioneer of surgery.
天文学家 · 78—139Astronomer · 78–139
发明地动仪、浑天仪，天文学与地震学先驱。Invented the seismoscope and the armillary sphere; a pioneer of astronomy and seismology.
造纸术 · 约63—121Papermaking · c. 63–121
改进造纸术，深刻影响世界文明进程。Improved papermaking, profoundly shaping the course of world civilization.
医圣 · 约150—219Sage of Medicine · c. 150–219
著《伤寒杂病论》，奠定中医辨证论治体系。Authored the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases, laying the foundation of TCM syndrome differentiation.
数学家 · 约225—295Mathematician · c. 225–295
著《九章算术注》，首创割圆术。Authored the Commentary on the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art and pioneered the circle-cutting method.
数学家 · 429—500Mathematician · 429–500
将圆周率精确到小数点后七位，领先世界近千年。Calculated pi to seven decimal places, nearly a millennium ahead of the rest of the world.
地理学家 · 约470—527Geographer · c. 470–527
著《水经注》，中国古代地理学名著。Authored the Commentary on the Water Classic, a masterpiece of ancient Chinese geography.
农学家 · 6世纪Agronomist · 6th century
著《齐民要术》，中国古代农业百科全书。Authored the Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People, an encyclopedia of ancient Chinese agriculture.
药王 · 541—682King of Medicine · 541–682
著《千金方》，被尊为药王。Authored the Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold, revered as the King of Medicine.
天文学家 · 683—727Astronomer · 683–727
主持子午线测量，编《大衍历》。Directed the meridian survey and compiled the Dayan Calendar.
活字印刷 · 约970—1051Movable Type · c. 970–1051
发明活字印刷术，推动文明传播。Invented movable-type printing, advancing the spread of civilization.
科学家 · 1031—1095Scientist · 1031–1095
著《梦溪笔谈》，中国古代科技百科全书。Authored the Dream Pool Essays, an encyclopedia of ancient Chinese science and technology.
天文学家 · 1020—1101Astronomer · 1020–1101
主持建造水运仪象台，天文机械杰作。Oversaw the construction of the Water-Powered Armillary Sphere and Celestial Globe, a masterpiece of astronomical machinery.
数学家 · 1208—1268Mathematician · 1208–1268
著《数书九章》，提出大衍求一术。Authored the Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections and proposed the Chinese remainder theorem.
天文学家 · 1231—1316Astronomer · 1231–1316
编《授时历》，中国古代历法巅峰。Compiled the Shoushi Calendar, the pinnacle of ancient Chinese calendrical science.
药学家 · 1518—1593Pharmacologist · 1518–1593
著《本草纲目》，集中国古代药学之大成。Authored the Compendium of Materia Medica, the culmination of ancient Chinese pharmacology.
科学家 · 1562—1633Scientist · 1562–1633
著《农政全书》，引进西学、融合中西。Authored the Complete Treatise on Agriculture, introducing Western learning and blending Chinese and Western knowledge.
科学家 · 1587—约1666Scientist · 1587–c. 1666
著《天工开物》，中国古代工艺技术大全。Authored the Exploitation of the Works of Nature, a comprehensive record of ancient Chinese crafts and technology.
地理学家 · 1587—1641Geographer · 1587–1641
著《徐霞客游记》，系统考察中国地理。Authored the Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake, a systematic survey of Chinese geography.
律学家 · 1536—1611Music Theorist · 1536–1611
首创十二平均律，奠定现代音乐律制。Originated twelve-tone equal temperament, laying the foundation for the modern musical tuning system.
两弹元勋 · 1924–1986Founding Father of the Two Bombs · 1924–1986
中国核武器研制的重要奠基人，为原子弹、氢弹事业隐姓埋名、以身许国。A key founder of China's nuclear weapons program, who devoted himself anonymously and selflessly to the atomic and hydrogen bombs.
数学家 · 1910–1985Mathematician · 1910–1985
中国现代数学的奠基人之一，在数论、多复变函数等领域成就卓著，倡导数学服务国家建设。One of the founders of modern Chinese mathematics, with outstanding achievements in number theory and several complex variables, who championed mathematics in the service of national development.
物理学家 · 1912–1997Physicist · 1912–1997
以精密的β衰变实验验证宇称不守恒定律，被誉为「东方居里夫人」。Verified the law of parity non-conservation through precise beta-decay experiments, hailed as the 'Madame Curie of the East.'
1957 诺贝尔物理学奖 · 1926–20241957 Nobel Prize in Physics · 1926–2024
与杨振宁共同提出宇称不守恒定律，晚年致力于推动中国高能物理与基础科学教育。Co-proposed the law of parity non-conservation with Chen-Ning Yang; in later years devoted himself to advancing high-energy physics and basic science education in China.
1957 诺贝尔物理学奖 · 1922–20251957 Nobel Prize in Physics · 1922–2025
与李政道共同提出宇称不守恒定律，杨-米尔斯规范场论奠基人；清华大学高等研究院名誉院长，当代最具影响力的理论物理学家之一。Co-proposed the law of parity non-conservation with Tsung-Dao Lee and co-founded Yang–Mills gauge theory; honorary director of the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University and one of the most influential theoretical physicists of our time.
微分几何之父 · 1911–2004Father of Differential Geometry · 1911–2004
整体微分几何的奠基人，沃尔夫奖得主，弟子遍布世界数学界。Founder of global differential geometry and winner of the Wolf Prize, with students throughout the world of mathematics.
气象学、地理学家 · 1890–1974Meteorologist and Geographer · 1890–1974
中国现代气象学与地理学的奠基人，浙江大学「求是」精神的创立者。Founder of modern Chinese meteorology and geography, and originator of the 'Seeking Truth' spirit of Zhejiang University.
核物理学家 · 1913–1992Nuclear Physicist · 1913–1992
中国原子能事业的开拓者，两弹一星功勋科学家。A pioneer of China's atomic energy program and a meritorious scientist of the Two Bombs, One Satellite project.
2008 诺贝尔化学奖 · 1952–20162008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry · 1952–2016
绿色荧光蛋白研究的奠基人之一，为生命科学成像技术作出革命性贡献。One of the founders of green fluorescent protein research, making revolutionary contributions to life-science imaging.
两弹一星元勋 · 1911–2009Meritorious Scientist of Two Bombs, One Satellite · 1911–2009
中国航天事业与系统工程的奠基人，「外国人能搞的，难道中国人不能搞」的信念引领数代学人。Founder of China's aerospace program and systems engineering, whose belief that 'if foreigners can do it, why can't the Chinese' has inspired generations of scholars.
2009 诺贝尔物理学奖 · 1933–20182009 Nobel Prize in Physics · 1933–2018
光纤通信之父，以一根玻璃丝照亮了世界信息时代。Father of fiber-optic communication, who lit up the world's information age with a single strand of glass.
杂交水稻之父 · 1930–2021Father of Hybrid Rice · 1930–2021
一生躬耕田野，让中国人把饭碗牢牢端在自己手中。Devoted his life to the fields, helping the Chinese people hold their rice bowls firmly in their own hands.
丁肇中Samuel C. C. Ting
1976 诺贝尔物理学奖 · 美国科学院院士1976 Nobel Prize in Physics · Member, US National Academy of Sciences
发现 J/ψ 粒子，验证夸克模型；麻省理工学院教授，长期领导大型国际高能物理实验。Discovered the J/ψ particle, confirming the quark model; professor at MIT and long-time leader of major international high-energy physics experiments.
王中林Zhong Lin Wang
纳米能源学家 · 中国科学院外籍院士Nanoenergy Scientist · Foreign Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
纳米发电机与压电电子学奠基人，全球材料科学领域高被引科学家。Founder of nanogenerators and piezotronics, and a highly cited scientist in materials science worldwide.
王贻芳Wang Yifang
高能物理学家 · 中国科学院院士High-Energy Physicist · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
大亚湾、江门中微子实验首席科学家，推动中国基础物理前沿。Chief scientist of the Daya Bay and Jiangmen neutrino experiments, advancing the frontier of fundamental physics in China.
田刚Tian Gang
数学家 · 中国科学院院士Mathematician · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
微分几何与几何分析领域杰出学者，北京大学讲席教授。Outstanding scholar in differential geometry and geometric analysis; Chair Professor at Peking University.
丘成桐Shing-Tung Yau
1982 菲尔兹奖 · 沃尔夫奖 · 中国科学院外籍院士1982 Fields Medal · Wolf Prize · Foreign Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
证明卡拉比猜想，开创几何分析；清华大学丘成桐数学科学中心主任。Proved the Calabi conjecture and founded geometric analysis; director of the Yau Mathematical Sciences Center at Tsinghua University.
朱棣文Steven Chu
1997 诺贝尔物理学奖1997 Nobel Prize in Physics
激光冷却与俘获原子技术的开拓者；斯坦福大学教授，美国前能源部长。Pioneer of laser cooling and atom trapping; professor at Stanford University and former US Secretary of Energy.
张益唐Zhang Yitang
数学家 · 孪生素数猜想突破者Mathematician · Breakthrough on the Twin Prime Conjecture
证明存在无穷多对间隔有限的素数，数学界传奇；加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校教授。Proved that infinitely many pairs of primes differ by a bounded gap, a legend of mathematics; professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
张锋Feng Zhang
生物工程学家Bioengineer
CRISPR 基因编辑技术的核心发明人之一，麻省理工学院、哈佛大学联合教授。A core inventor of CRISPR gene-editing technology; joint professor at MIT and Harvard University.
李飞飞Fei-Fei Li
人工智能学家 · 美国工程院院士AI Scientist · Member, US National Academy of Engineering
ImageNet 项目发起人，计算机视觉与人工智能领域领军学者，斯坦福大学教授。Initiator of the ImageNet project and a leading scholar in computer vision and artificial intelligence; professor at Stanford University.
李远哲Yuan T. Lee
1986 诺贝尔化学奖1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
以交叉分子束方法研究化学动力学；台湾中央研究院前院长。Studied chemical dynamics using the crossed molecular beams method; former president of Academia Sinica.
姚期智Andrew Chi-Chih Yao
2000 图灵奖 · 中国科学院院士2000 Turing Award · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
计算理论与密码学奠基性贡献；清华大学交叉信息研究院院长。Foundational contributions to the theory of computation and cryptography; dean of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences at Tsinghua University.
钟南山Zhong Nanshan
呼吸病学专家 · 中国工程院院士Respiratory Disease Specialist · Member, Chinese Academy of Engineering
呼吸系统疾病防控领军人物，广州医科大学教授。A leading figure in the prevention and control of respiratory diseases; professor at Guangzhou Medical University.
施一公Shi Yigong
结构生物学家 · 中国科学院院士Structural Biologist · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
剪接体结构解析领军者；西湖大学校长，推动新型研究型大学建设。Leader in the structural analysis of the spliceosome; president of Westlake University, advancing the building of a new research-oriented university.
屠呦呦Tu Youyou
2015 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
发现青蒿素，挽救全球数百万疟疾患者生命；中国中医科学院首席科学家。Discovered artemisinin, saving millions of lives from malaria worldwide; chief scientist at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.
崔琦Daniel C. Tsui
1998 诺贝尔物理学奖1998 Nobel Prize in Physics
发现分数量子霍尔效应；普林斯顿大学教授。Discovered the fractional quantum Hall effect; professor at Princeton University.
陶哲轩Terence Tao
2006 菲尔兹奖2006 Fields Medal
调和分析、数论、偏微分方程等领域卓越建树；加州大学洛杉矶分校教授。Outstanding achievements in harmonic analysis, number theory and partial differential equations; professor at the University of California, Los Angeles.
潘建伟Pan Jianwei
量子物理学家 · 中国科学院院士Quantum Physicist · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
「墨子号」量子科学实验卫星首席科学家，量子通信与计算领域开拓者。Chief scientist of the Micius quantum science satellite and a pioneer in quantum communication and computation.
薛其坤Xue Qikun
凝聚态物理学家 · 中国科学院院士Condensed-Matter Physicist · Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences
首次实验观测量子反常霍尔效应；清华大学教授，国家最高科学技术奖获得者。First to experimentally observe the quantum anomalous Hall effect; professor at Tsinghua University and recipient of China's State Preeminent Science and Technology Award.
韦东奕Wei Dongyi
数学家 · 北京大学Mathematician · Peking University
以解题与研究并重的纯粹数学才华闻名。Renowned for pure mathematical talent in both problem-solving and research.
许晨阳Xu Chenyang
数学家 · 普林斯顿大学Mathematician · Princeton University
代数几何领域杰出青年学者，晨兴数学奖得主。Outstanding young scholar in algebraic geometry and winner of the Morningside Medal of Mathematics.
朱松纯Song-Chun Zhu
人工智能学家 · 北京大学AI Scientist · Peking University
通用人工智能研究领军学者，北京通用人工智能研究院院长。Leading scholar in artificial general intelligence research and director of the Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence.
庄小威Xiaowei Zhuang
生物物理学家 · 哈佛大学Biophysicist · Harvard University
超高分辨显微成像技术（STORM）发明人，美国科学院院士。Inventor of super-resolution microscopy (STORM) and member of the US National Academy of Sciences.
陈杲Chen Gao
数学家 · 中国科学技术大学Mathematician · University of Science and Technology of China
微分几何领域杰出青年学者。Outstanding young scholar in differential geometry.
何川Chuan He
化学生物学家 · 芝加哥大学Chemical Biologist · University of Chicago
RNA 表观遗传学奠基人之一，破解 m6A 修饰之谜。A founder of RNA epigenetics, who unraveled the mystery of m6A modification.
沈向洋Harry Shum
计算机科学家 · 清华大学Computer Scientist · Tsinghua University
计算机视觉与人工智能专家，美国工程院外籍院士。Expert in computer vision and artificial intelligence; foreign member of the US National Academy of Engineering.
杨强Qiang Yang
人工智能学家 · 香港科技大学AI Scientist · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
迁移学习领域奠基人，IEEE Fellow。Founder of transfer learning and IEEE Fellow.
张伟Zhang Wei
数学家 · 麻省理工学院Mathematician · MIT
数论与算术几何领域杰出学者。Outstanding scholar in number theory and arithmetic geometry.
饶毅Yi Rao
神经生物学家 · 北京大学Neurobiologist · Peking University
神经科学领域领军学者，倡导科学精神与学术规范。Leading scholar in neuroscience who champions the scientific spirit and academic integrity.
恽之玮Zhiwei Yun
数学家 · 麻省理工学院Mathematician · MIT
代数几何、表示论领域杰出青年学者。Outstanding young scholar in algebraic geometry and representation theory.
赵盛烨Zhao Shengye
网络空间安全学家 · 湖南工学院Cyberspace Security Scientist · Hunan Institute of Technology
网络空间安全科学家，全球知名学者。Cyberspace security scientist and a globally renowned scholar.
曹原Yuan Cao
凝聚态物理学家 · 哈佛大学Condensed-Matter Physicist · Harvard University
以「魔角石墨烯」超导研究闻名，Nature 年度十大科学人物。Renowned for 'magic-angle graphene' superconductivity research; named one of Nature's ten people who mattered.
谢晓亮Xiaoliang Sunney Xie
化学家 · 北京大学Chemist · Peking University
单分子酶学奠基人，美国科学院院士。Founder of single-molecule enzymology and member of the US National Academy of Sciences.
颜宁Nieng Yan
结构生物学家 · 深圳医学科学院Structural Biologist · Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation
膜转运蛋白结构研究领军者，中国科学院院士。Leader in the structural study of membrane transport proteins and member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.